ACT for Panic Disorder: In Vivo Exposure

ACT interoceptive exposure

Key Points

  1. For in vivo exposure, it’s important to create an exposure hierarchy. This may look inaccurate after exposure experiences, so it’s important to refer to it as the process unfolds, to help the client reflect on progress and adjust predictions as necessary.
  2. At this stage, the client should have skills and an understanding of the function of their behavior, so they’re more willing to go out and practice exposures on their own.
  3. “Failed” exposures are those where the client bailed before their distress reduced. It means the exposures started off too high. Make sure you don’t feed shame or a sense of failure in the client, but rather encourage them to start again from an earlier step.
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When a client becomes more comfortable with interoceptive exposure, we can start talking about in vivo exposure. Again, we create a hierarchy from least to most distressing, and walk through this in session with them to collaborate on that structure.

Building a Hierarchy

Sometimes when people go out into the world and practice exposures, they find them less or more distressing than expected. Or they might find that the planned order of the hierarchy is inaccurate based on real world experience. So it can be adapted as you go along.

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